The 1954 NCAA football season saw three teams finish unbeaten and untied, with Ohio State Buckeyes and the UCLA Bruins
sharing the national championship as the #1 picks of the AP Poll and
the UPI Poll, respectively. Although the winners of the Big Ten and the
Pacific conferences normally met in the Rose Bowl, a "no repeat"
prevented the two champions from meeting. UCLA, which had been in the
Rose Bowl earlier in the year, was replaced by conference runner-up USC.
During the 20th century, the NCAA had no playoff for the college football
teams that would later be described as "Division I-A". The NCAA did
recognize a national champion based upon the final results of "wire
service" (AP and UPI) polls. The extent of that recognition came in the
form of acknowledgment in the annual NCAA Football Guide of the "unofficial" national champions. The AP poll in 1954 consisted of the votes of as many as 419 sportswriters.[3]
Though not all writers voted in every poll, each would give their
opinion of the twenty best teams. Under a point system of 20 points for
first place, 19 for second, etc., the "overall" ranking was determined.
Although the rankings were based on the collective opinion of the
representative sportswriters, the teams that remained "unbeaten and
untied" were generally ranked higher than those that had not. A defeat,
even against a strong opponent, tended to cause a team to drop in the
rankings, and a team with two or more defeats was unlikely to remain in
the Top 20. Generally, the top teams played on New Year's Day in the
four major postseason bowl games: the Rose Bowl (near Los Angeles at
Pasadena), the Sugar Bowl (New Orleans), the Orange Bowl (Miami), and the Cotton Bowl (Dallas).
In 1954, a limit of 10 games per season, excluding a bowl game, was
imposed on all teams, with the exception that existing contracts would
not be changed. Taken from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1954_college_football_season
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